Which position requires the head to be turned away from a raised arm?

In Scottish Highland dance, the position that necessitates the head to be turned away from the raised arm is the second position. This specific arm and head alignment emphasizes the aesthetic quality of the dance, showcasing the dancer's grace and balance.

In the second position, one arm is raised, and the head is turned toward the side in the opposite direction of the raised arm. This creates a visually appealing contrast and enhances the fluidity of movements, which is a hallmark of Highland dance.

Each of the other positions has its distinct characteristics regarding arm placements and head orientation. In the first position, the head is typically aligned with the arms, while the third and fourth positions also maintain different alignment rules that do not involve the specific head turn described in the question. By understanding how these positions are structured, it becomes clear why the second position is the correct choice.